Trading tomatoes and onions in Uganda’s watersheds: actors, dynamics, and opportunities
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Date
2026-01-15
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Canadian Center of Science and Education
Abstract
Horticulture accounts for more than half of Uganda’s agricultural output, yet crops such as tomatoes and onions remain only marginally profitable despite the country’s favorable climate. To assess the state of their marketing, a study was conducted across five watershed irrigation schemes of Ngenge, Tochi, Wadelai, Mubuku II, and Doho. Researchers interviewed 56 key informants and 174 market vendors using questionnaires that explored market actors, their roles and interconnections, seasonal trade dynamics, pricing, supply and demand, gross margins, and both opportunities and constraints. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The findings showed that nearly half of the markets (46%) were underdeveloped, with women and youth making up the majority of vendors (78%). Farmers were the main suppliers, but often overlapped with other market roles. Seasonal fluctuations affected tomato and onion availability, with oblong tomato varieties being most popular. Key challenges included poor storage facilities, high market fees, and price volatility. However, strong local demand, access to export channels, and opportunities for off-season production highlight promising avenues for improving the profitability and sustainability of tomato and onion marketing in Uganda.
Description
This paper examines the marketing structures and challenges within Uganda’s horticultural value chains, focusing on the real-world experiences of farmers and vendors—many of whom are women and youth. The research reveals that improved market organization, storage solutions, and transparent pricing can significantly boost profitability and livelihoods. By addressing persistent issues such as inadequate storage, market inefficiencies, and price volatility, while also identifying opportunities for stronger local demand and export growth, the study centers the voices of those who depend on horticulture for their income. The findings directly advance SDG 1 (No Poverty) by increasing farmer incomes, SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) by strengthening food systems, SDG 5 (Gender Equality) by empowering women in market activities, and SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) by promoting rural entrepreneurship. Aligned with Uganda’s National Development Plan IV, the paper highlights the importance of agro-industrialization, inclusive participation, and improved market systems for sustainable rural economic transformation.
Keywords
Watershed, Horticultural crops, Market vendors
Citation
Masika, F. B., Ddamulira, G., Obongo, I., Aropet, S. A., Asiimwe, A., Kiryowa, M., ... & Ramathan, I. (2026). Trading Tomatoes and Onions in Uganda’ s Watersheds: Actors, Dynamics, and Opportunities. Journal of Agricultural Science, 18(2).