Tuberculosis-related stigma and associated factors among people with pulmonary tuberculosis predominantly co-infected with HIV in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study
| dc.contributor.author | Izudi, Jonathan | |
| dc.contributor.author | Kyazze, Simon | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bajunirwe, Francis | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2026-03-23T20:59:50Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2026-03-23T20:59:50Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2026-03-18 | |
| dc.description | This study aligns with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, especially SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being. It highlights the impact of TB-related stigma on psychological well-being and treatment outcomes. Its findings inform stigma-reduction and mental health integration strategies. The study supports the goals of Uganda's National Development Plan IV by strengthening health systems, promoting equitable access to care, improving patient-centered TB management, and enhancing public health interventions for vulnerable populations. | |
| dc.description.abstract | Rationale Stigma has a profound effect on the well-being and treatment outcomes of people with tuberculosis (PWTB). Despite its negative effects, TB-related stigma remains underexplored in high-burden TB settings such as Uganda. Objective To examine the factors associated with tuberculosis (TB)-related stigma among people with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB aged ≥18 years in Kampala, Uganda. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study across five primary health facilities. The primary exposure was psychological well-being and was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Scores ranged from 0 to 20, with ≥15 indicating good psychological well-being, and <15 indicating poor psychological well-being. TB-related stigma was the primary outcome measured using the Van Rie Stigma Scale, ranging from 0 to 48. We applied Generalized Estimating Equations, adjusting for important covariates and clustering by health facility to determine associated factors. Beta coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results We analyzed data from 818 participants, with normally distributed TB-related stigma scores: 25.3 ± 6.45. Higher TB-related stigma scores were statistically significantly associated with poor psychological well-being (β = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.60–1.13) and being a male (β = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.53–1.00). Individuals aged ≥25 years showed a borderline statistically significant association with TB-related stigma (β = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.11–1.55). Conclusion This study showed that poor psychological well-being and being male are associated with higher TB-related stigma scores among PWTB in Kampala, Uganda. TB programs should integrate mental health and implement stigma-reduction strategies that address underlying causes. | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Izudi, J., Kyazze, S., & Bajunirwe, F. (2026). Tuberculosis-related stigma and associated factors among people with pulmonary tuberculosis predominantly co-infected with HIV in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study. Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases, 100597. | |
| dc.identifier.issn | 2405-5794 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dir.muni.ac.ug/handle/20.500.12260/947 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | Elsevier | |
| dc.subject | Tuberculosis-related stigma | |
| dc.subject | Mental health | |
| dc.subject | People with tuberculosis | |
| dc.subject | Psychological well-being | |
| dc.subject | Uganda | |
| dc.title | Tuberculosis-related stigma and associated factors among people with pulmonary tuberculosis predominantly co-infected with HIV in Kampala, Uganda: a cross-sectional study | |
| dc.type | Article |