Faculty of Management Science

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Browsing Faculty of Management Science by Subject "Arua city"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Access to finance and economic sustainability of small and medium enterprises in Arua city, Uganda
    (Muni University, 2025-10-31) Ndemaru, Patricia
    The Economic Sustainability of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) is often affected by Access to finance, especially in developing regions such as Arua City, Uganda. This study investigated the relationship between access to finance and the economic sustainability of SMEs in Arua City, focusing on four specific objectives: To establish the relationship between the availability of financial services and economic sustainability; To assess the effect of affordability on economic sustainability; To determine the contribution of ease of finance access to economic sustainability; and to examine the moderating influence of the regulatory environment on access to finance and economic sustainability. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. Findings revealed that Pearson correlation coefficient between the two variables is 0.760 indicating a Strong positive relationship between Availability of Financial Services and Economic Sustainability which implies that financial access plays a critical role in the economic stability and longevity of businesses. Pearson correlation coefficient between Affordability and Economic Sustainability is 0.767 indicating likeliness of businesses to engage, resulting in better financial planning, investment opportunities, and ultimately, improved economic outcomes. Pearson correlation coefficient between Ease of Access and Economic Sustainability is 0.768 this Suggests that improving access to financial services is directly related to the sustainability of economic practices. They are better equipped to manage cash flow, invest in growth opportunities, and plan for the long term. The Moderating influence of Regulatory Environment on Access to Finance and economic sustainability was visible through the Strong positive relationship R-value of 0.779 attributed to the combined influence of the regulatory environment, availability of financial services, ease of access, and affordability. Based on these findings, the study recommends increasing awareness of available financial services and implementing financial literacy programs tailored to SMEs. Additionally, policymakers should strive to develop a regulatory environment that balances financial stability with SME growth by ensuring clear, transparent, and flexible financial regulations. Such measures will help enhance the accessibility, affordability, and ease of access to financial services, ultimately fostering economic sustainability among SMEs in Arua City.
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    Computerized accounting and financial performance of pharmacies in central division, Arua city
    (Muni University, 2025-10-31) Umar, Swafat
    This study investigated the influence of Computerized Accounting Systems (CAS) on the financial performance of pharmacies in the Central Division of Arua City, Uganda. Specifically, it examined how three major dimensions of CAS—transaction processing, reporting processes, and system security—affect key financial performance indicators, including profitability, operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance. In terms methodology a cross-sectional research design was adopted, with data collected from 78 pharmacies using structured questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including correlation and regression analyses, were employed to examine the relationships between CAS components and the financial performance of pharmacies. The study revealed significant positive correlations between efficient transaction processing, accurate reporting, robust system security, and financial performance. Transaction processing showed a strong positive correlation with performance (r = 0.827, p = 0.003), reporting processes also had a strong positive correlation (r = 0.763, p = 0.005), while system security emerged as the most significant predictor of performance (r = 0.859, p = 0.001; Beta = 0.86). These findings indicate that CAS adoption enhances financial accuracy, operational efficiency, and regulatory compliance. Challenges such as high implementation costs, technical complexities, and inadequate staff training were identified as barriers to effective CAS adoption. The study contributes to the literature on technology adoption and business performance, providing empirical evidence on the critical role of CAS in enhancing financial outcomes for pharmacies, particularly in resource-constrained urban settings.
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    Credit management practices and loan portfolio performance of commercial banks in Arua city, Uganda
    (Muni University, 2025-10-14) Candiru, Julliet
    The study examined the effect of credit management practices on loan portfolio performance of commercial banks in Arua City in Uganda. Objectives were to evaluate the effect of credit assessment, Credit monitoring, and credit risk management on loan portfolio performance in Commercial Banks in Arua City, Uganda. The study was grounded in the theories of Altman's Z Score, Fisher's Equation of Exchange, and Credit Default Swap (CDS) Market theory, and guided by a conceptual framework. It adopted a descriptive research design and a quantitative research approach. Target population was 156 with a sample of 112 respondents. Stratified and simple random sampling were used to select respondents. Data was collected using questionnaires whose CVI was 0.912. Data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis with the help of SPSS. Credit assessment on loan portfolio performance, the result indicated that there was strong statistically significant effect (t= 6.992, p=0.000, p<0.05), credit monitoring on loan portfolio performance, was statistically significant (t= 5.205, p=0.000, p<0.05), and credit risk management on loan portfolio performance, was statistically significant (t= 5.300, p=0.000, p<0.05). Based on these results, the study concluded that all three variables had a statistically significant effect on loan portfolio performance. This study recommends proper credit management practices. The study will benefit the researchers, banking sectors, policy makers and government with knowledge about the effect of credit management practices on loan portfolio performance.
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    Leadership styles and business sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises in Arua city, Uganda
    (Muni University, 2025-11-13) Obol, Emmanuel
    This study examined the relationship between leadership styles and business sustainability among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Arua City, Uganda. Specifically, it investigated the relationship between transformational, transactional, laissez-faire, and democratic leadership styles on the sustainability of SMEs. The researcher employed a sequential explanatory design, adopting both quantitative and qualitative approaches to ensure methodological triangulation. Data were collected from a sample of 365 respondents, using an explanatory sequential approach whereby the quantitative results were collected and analyzed first, then augmented by qualitative data. The study adopted simple random sampling techniques for managers, supervisors, and lower level employees, while purposive sampling targeted managing directors. Questionnaires and Interviews were used. Quantitative data analysis employed descriptive statistics involving frequencies, Standard Deviation and percentages and inferential statistics using Spearman correlation, while qualitative data were grouped into themes. Findings revealed a weak positive correlation (r = 0.254) between transformational leadership and business sustainability, a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.332) with transactional leadership, a weak positive correlation (r = 0.138) with laissez-faire leadership, and a weak positive correlation (r = 0.175) with democratic leadership. The results showed that transactional leadership had the strongest influence on business sustainability. It was concluded that leadership styles significantly explained business sustainability among SMEs in Arua City, Uganda. The study recommends that SMEs should prioritize transactional leadership practices in order to strengthen strategic decision-making, improve operational efficiency, and foster long-term sustainability.
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    Strategic management and business economic sustainability in small and medium-sized enterprises in Arua city, Uganda
    (Muni University, 2025-10-22) Apio, Angela
    This research investigates the relationship between Strategic Management and Business Economic Sustainability in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Arua City, Uganda. The study objectives were: To investigate the relationship between strategy formulation and business Economic sustainability in SMEs in Arua City, Uganda; To examine the relationship between strategy implementation and business Economic sustainability in SMEs in Arua City, Uganda. To explore the relationship between continuous monitoring and business Economic sustainability in SMEs in Arua City, Uganda. The study used Explanatory Sequential Design, adopting both quantitative and qualitative approaches to ensure methodological triangulation. Data were collected from a sample of 191 respondents. The research used simple random sampling techniques and purposive sampling techniques. Findings revealed a strong positive correlation (0.735) between strategy formulation and business economic sustainability, a strong positive correlation (0.756) between strategy implementation and business economic sustainability, and a very strong positive correlation (0.830) between continuous monitoring and business economic sustainability. The coefficient of determination, R 2 = 0.697, accounted for 69.7% of the variation in business economic sustainability. Strategy Formulation (coefficient =.026, t=0.317, p=.752) was not statistically significant, whereas Strategy Implementation (coefficient =.203, t=2.656, p=.009) \showed a linear relationship, and Continuous Monitoring (coefficient =.639, t=7.122, p< .001) emerged as the strongest predictor of economic sustainability. The study concluded that strategic management significantly explains business economic sustainability in Small and medium-sized enterprises in Arua City, Uganda. The study recommends that business leaders should enhance inclusive strategy formulation by involving employees and stakeholders to strengthen alignment and market responsiveness; policymakers should improve strategy implementation through stronger risk management, resource optimization, and supportive policy frameworks; and academic institutions should advance continuous monitoring by adopting technology-driven systems and evidence-based models to boost adaptability, efficiency, and long-term sustainability of SMEs in Arua City.
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