Muni Repository :: Browsing by Author "Tibyangye, Julius"

Browsing by Author "Tibyangye, Julius"

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Assessment of alternative approaches of primary cervical cancer screening among women in low-income environments
(Journal of Cancer Research and Experimental Oncology, 2021-01) Eilu, Emmanuel; Akinola, Saheed Adekunle; Tibyangye, Julius; Adeyemo, Rasheed Omotayo; Odoki, Martin; Adamu, Aliero Almustapha; Onkoba, Sarah Kemuma; Kemunto, Moindi Jeridah; Abyola, Ismail Adebayo; Kato, Charles Drago
Alternative techniques for detecting cancer of the cervix uteri alongside its early precancerous lesions still remain necessary for low income environments since morbidity and mortality due to cervical cancer continues to be on the rise. We recruited one thousand and seventy-seven women aged 15-55 years from selected study hospitals in Eastern Uganda and examined them using Papanicolaou (Pap) smear, direct visual inspection with 5% acetic acid solution (VIA), and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA testing. Study participants detected with high-grade lesions (HSIL) or cancer cells on Pap smear test, positive VIA test (acetowhite lesions, cervical ulcer or growth), and positive high-risk HPV DNA (relative light units (RLU) were immediately scheduled for colposcopy and cervical biopsy. Of the forty percent of the women confirmed with pap smear positive, 43 of the 63 women had invasive carcinoma (68.3%), while 89 out of 137 women with confirmed biopsy were diagnosed with high grade CIN (CIN2,3) (65%). DVI identified 46 of 63 carcinomas (73%) as well as 47 of 74 high grades CIN (CIN 2, 3) (64%). There was a variation in HPV DNA results due to the cutoff value considered in defining the final result. HPV DNA of high-risk HPV types was detected 39 (61.9%) out the 63 women diagnosed invasive cervical cancer, while 66 (73.3%) or 46 (51%) was detected in the biopsy of women diagnosed with high grade CIN (CIN 2,3). Similarity in identification of high-grade cervical abnormalities was registered by the testing methods. Both VIA and HPV genetic testing methods diagnosed similar numbers of high grade CIN 2,3 and invasive cancer cases as Pap smears. Nevertheless, individual test methods categorized study participants with no cervical disease as being positive.
Assessment of biosafety and biorisk management practices among medical laboratory students in two institutions in Uganda
(Elsevier, 2022-09-07) Padde, John Roberts; Akiteng, Winnie; Edema, William; Atiku, Saad Mahjub; Tibyangye, Julius; Tekakwo, Job; Andruga, Cosmas; Hope, Derick; Musinguzi, Benson; Gesa, Jean Brenda; Amadile, Lawrence; Agondua, Robert
Medical laboratory workers handle clinical specimens, which are a threat of exposure to infectious agents. Notably, medical laboratory science students report for internships with only theoretical knowledge of biosafety and biorisk management practices, predisposing them to a higher risk of laboratory hazards. In this study, we assessed the influence of entry-level students' adherence to practices and attitudes towards biosafety and biorisk management during the Internship. An online survey tool was used to explore the practices and attitudes towards laboratory biosafety and risk management. Of the 96 students, 60 (62.5%) anonymous responses were received, and of these, 60.3% were direct entrants, and 32.8% were diploma entrants. Most (91.7%) of the students attended hospital internships, with 60.2% in Biosafety Level (BSL)-2 laboratories and 70.2% rotating in all the core areas of laboratory medicine. The 8.3% who did not attend any internship were under the direct entry category. Exposure to biohazards was not significantly associated with laboratory safety level and student entry category (P> 0.05). Recommended laboratory biosafety practices were not significantly associated with the safety level of the laboratory and student entry category (P> 0.05). Poor attitudes towards certain laboratory biosafety practices were not significantly associated with the biosafety level of the training laboratory (P> 0.05), whereas training (P = 0.021) and clean-up procedures (P = 0.048) were associated with laboratory safety levels, respectively. The direct entrants had no access to BSL-3 laboratories, and this category of students had a negative attitude towards internship attendance. Therefore, there is a need to create a multi-channel full range laboratory biosafety and biorisk management teaching reforms based on practical application, real case studies, and laboratory simulation to be incorporated into the curriculum to benefit the direct entrant.
Green tea silver nanoparticles improve physiological motor and cognitive function in BALB/c mice during inflammation
(Elsevier, 2023-02-21) Ninsiima, Herbert Izo; Eze, Ejike Daniel; Ssekatawa, Kenneth; Nalugo, Halima; Asekenye, Caroline; Onanyang, David; Munanura, Edson Ireeta; Ariong, Moses; Matama, Kevin; Zirintunda, Gerald; Mbiydzenyuy, Ngala Elvis; Ssempijja, Fred; Afodun, Adam Moyosore; Mujinya, Regan; Usman, Ibe Michael; Asiimwe, Oscar Hilary; Tibyangye, Julius; Kasozi, Keneth Iceland
Information on the basic changes associated with green tea small molecules in acute inflammation is deficient. The purpose of the study was to characterize and establish the effects of green tea silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) following inflammation in BALB/c male mice. In this study, green tea silver nitrate nanoparticles were characterized and the extract were made up to constitute high (100%), medium (10%), and low (1%) concentrations for administration. Acute inflammation was induced in groups I–V of the experimental rodents by injecting 0.5 ml/kg of fresh egg albumin on the subplantar surface of the right hind paw and animals were monitored for 36 h. Group I–III were administered 100%, 10%, 1% green tea nanoparticles extract while group IV was given diclofenac. Group V was the positive control while group VI was the negative control that received the vehicle. Paw edema was measured at a 2 h interval for 3 days, while the pain was assessed by measuring the locomotion activity using the voluntary wheel running and the anxietylike behavior. Hypersensitivity was measured through the temperature sensation experiment and a non-linear regression analysis was done. Here, synthesized green tea AgNPs registered an absorbance band at 460 nm, phytochemicals due to presence of organic functional groups of O––C––O of oxycarbons, of C––C of a conjugate alkene, C––O of a stretching bond of a secondary alcohol. The silver green tea nanoparticles were spherical, covered by a slimy layer, capped and stable. Green tea AgNPs significantly decreased temperature hypersensitivity in BALB/c male mice and this demonstrated their protective effects. Low concentrations of green tea nanoparticles inhibited edema thus mimicking effects of diclofenac, however, the percentage of inhibition was highest in medium and high silver-tea nanoparticles concentrations demonstration the importance of concentration in therapeutics. Anxiety was lowest in BALB/c male mice treated with high concentrations of silver green tea nanoparticles, and this led to increased locomotory activity in mice. Green tea AgNPs have strong anti-inflammatory effects at high concentrations. Concentrations of green tea AgNPs modulated basic sensory and motor behaviors in BALB/c male mice demonstrating their importance in complementary and integrative medical practice.
In-vivo efficacy profiles of plasmodium falciparum to Artemether- Lumefantrine, the recommended first-line treatment of uncomplicated Malaria in Kisii County Kenya
(South Asian Journal of Parasitology, 2021) Maniga, Josephat Nyabayo; Rael, Masai; Bwogo, Pacifica; Ntulume, Ibrahim; Tibyangye, Julius; Atiku, Saad Mahjub; Onchoke, Vera Bella; Mong’are, Samuel
Place and Duration of the Study: This study was carried out in Kisii County, Kenya in 2021, during the months of February to June. Methodology: Multi-stage random sampling was used. Participants suspected to be having malaria were recruited, confirmed for P. falciparum and treated with Arthemeter- Lumefantrine (AL). The participants were followed for 28 days. Efficacy of the AL treatment was assessed as per the WHO criteria (2007). Data was analyzed using the chi square (χ2), Fisher’s exact test and twosample t test. Results: Follow-up was completed for 84% (231.0± 0.23) participants. The study reported Earlier Treatment Failure (ETF) of 27 (11.7 %), Late Clinical Failure (LCF) of 20 (8.7 %), Late Parasitological Failure (LPF) of 11(3.9 %), and Adequate Clinical and Parasitological Failure (ACPR) of 173 (75.0 %). Fever was not detected among 1.45% (3.98 ± 0.25) during enrollment. The treatment outcome with AL was first noted at day 3 of the follow up with 15.2 ± 0.33 of the patients testing negative for P. falciparum. By day 28, 94% (217.14 ± 0.72) of the patients were cleared of parasitemia. Age and weight were statistically significant factors influencing the treatment outcomes at, Age, p=0.005 and Weight, p=0.001. Conclusions: Artemether-Lumefantrine (AL) remains efficacious in the study area, however more studies using molecular methods needs to be conducted.
Mutactimycin AP, a new mutactimycin isolated from an actinobacteria from the Atacama Desert
(MDPI, 2022-10-24) Astakala, Rishi Vachaspathy; Preet, Gagan; Milne, Bruce F.; Tibyangye, Julius; Razmilic, Valeria; Castro, Jean Franco; Asenjo, Juan A.; Andrews, Barbara; Ebel, Rainer; Jaspars, Marcel
Bacteria belonging to the phylum Actinobacteria are a very good source of antibiotics, and indeed dominate the current clinical antibiotic space. This paper reports Mutactimycin AP, a new compound belonging to an anthracycline-type family of antibiotics, isolated from a Saccharothrix sp. This actinobacterial strain was isolated from the rhizosphere of lupine plants growing in the extreme hyper-arid Atacama Desert. Structural characterization was carried out using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and NMR spectroscopy in combination with molecular modelling. The compound was tested against the ESKAPE pathogens, where it showed activity against MRSA and five strains associated with bovine mastitis, where it showed activity against Enterococcus pseudoavium and Staphylycoccus Aureus subsp. Aureus.

Browsing by Author "Tibyangye, Julius"

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