Browsing by Author "Buruga, Bosco Apparatus"

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    A survey on artificial intelligence in cybersecurity for smart agriculture: state-of-the-art, cyber threats, artificial intelligence applications, and ethical concerns.
    (Mesopotamian Academic Press, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, 2024-07-20) Ali, Guma; Mijwil, Maad M.; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Abotaleb, Mostafa; Adamopoulos, Ioannis
    Wireless sensor networks and Internet of Things devices are revolutionizing the smart agriculture industry by increasing production, sustainability, and profitability as connectivity becomes increasingly ubiquitous. However, the industry has become a popular target for cyberattacks. This survey investigates the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in improving cybersecurity in smart agriculture (SA). The relevant literature for the study was gathered from Nature, Wiley Online Library, MDPI, ScienceDirect, Frontiers, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, IGI Global, Springer, Taylor & Francis, and Google Scholar. Of the 320 publications that fit the search criteria, 180 research papers were ultimately chosen for this investigation. The review described advancements from conventional agriculture to modern SA, including architecture and emerging technology. It digs into SA’s numerous uses, emphasizing its potential to transform farming efficiency, production, and sustainability. The growing reliance on SA introduces new cyber threats that endanger its integrity and dependability and provide a complete analysis of their possible consequences. Still, the research examined the essential role of AI in combating these threats, focusing on its applications in threat identification, risk management, and real-time response mechanisms. The survey also discusses ethical concerns such as data privacy, the requirement for high-quality information, and the complexities of AI implementation in SA. This study, therefore, intends to provide researchers and practitioners with insights into AI’s capabilities and future directions in the security of smart agricultural infrastructures. This study hopes to assist researchers, policymakers, and practitioners in harnessing AI for robust cybersecurity in SA, assuring a safe and sustainable agricultural future by comprehensively evaluating the existing environment and future trends.
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    Artificial intelligence in corneal topography: A short article in enhancing eye care
    (Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, 2023-06-17) Ali, Guma; Eid, Marwa M.; Ahmed, Omar G.; Abotaleb, Mostafa; Alaabdin, Anas M. Zein; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus
    The eye is a critical part of the human being, as it provides complete vision and the ability to receive and process visual details, and any deficiency in it may affect vision and loss of sight. Corneal topography is one of the essential diagnostic tools in the field of ophthalmology, as it can provide important information about the cornea and the problems that appear in it. Artificial intelligence strategies contribute to the development of the healthcare domain through a group of approaches that have a significant and vital impact on improving the field of ophthalmology. The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the efficiency of artificial intelligence in extracting features from corneal topography and how these techniques contribute to helping ophthalmologists diagnose corneal topography. Furthermore, the focus is on the performance of AI algorithms, their diagnostic capabilities, and their importance in helping physicians and patients. The effects of this paper confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of artificial intelligence algorithms in the clinical diagnosis of various eye concerns.
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    Comprehensive assessment of drivers and barriers to electronic information resources usage in academic libraries in Uganda using SWOT analysis
    (IP Indian Journal of Library Science and Information Technology, 2024-01-24) Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Guma, Ali; Izaruku, Ronald
    The high costs of printed Textbooks have negatively affected the education and library services in many developing countries, forcing institutions and universities to utilise electronic information resources (EIRs) to offer library information services and resources to library users. Many universities in northern Uganda adopted EIRs without evaluating them. This study, therefore, seeks to assess the drivers and barriers to EIR usage in academic libraries in Uganda by analysing their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT). The study employed a descriptive design to collect quantitative data and a stratified random sampling technique to select the sample size. A structured questionnaire was designed using Google Forms and administered online to the Muni and Lira universities’ teaching staff and final-year students, where 103 were filled by teaching staff and 248 by final-year students. The data collected were analysed using the SPSS Version 28 and RStudio software. Statistical techniques like descriptive analysis were used in the data analysis. The results for the mean ≥ 3.41 were considered statistically significant. The study findings show that most respondents agreed that librarians expose them to all the library EIRs and that it was essential to access EIRs to benefit from its services. The study also identified knowledge and skills, the relevance of EIRs, availability of technological infrastructure and resources, awareness and adaptation, perceived ease of use and access, previous experience, institutional policies, and perceived quality content as the critical drivers for the usage of EIRs in academic libraries. The results of the SWOT analysis identified internal factors (i.e., strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (i.e., opportunities and threats) affecting EIR usage in Ugandan academic libraries. The survey recommends that for the successful adoption and implementation of EIRs in Ugandan libraries, there should be a reliable power supply and internet connectivity for easy access to the EIRs, purchase of more computing devices for accessing the EIRs, training and supporting the users of EIRs in universities; proper accountability and use of donor funds meant for payments of EIRs; and so on. These findings generated ideas that the universities, libraries, and library consortia can use in decis
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    A Comprehensive review on cybersecurity issues and their mitigation measures in FinTech
    (Al-Iraqia Univeristy, 2024-06-10) Ali, Guma; Mijwil, Maad M.; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Abotaleb, Mostafa
    The fourth industrial revolution has seen the evolution and wide adoption of game-changing and disruptive innovation, "financial technologies (FinTech), around the globe. However, the security of FinTech systems and networks remains critical. This research paper comprehensively reviews cybersecurity issues and their mitigation measures in FinTech. Four independent researchers reviewed relevant literature from IEEE Xplore, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Emerald Insight, Springer, SAGE, WILEY, Hindawi, MDPI, ACM, and Google Scholar. The key findings of the analysis identified privacy issues, data breaches, malware attacks, hacking, insider threats, identity theft, social engineering attacks, distributed denial-of-service attacks, cryptojacking, supply chain attacks, advanced persistent threats, zero-day attacks, salami attacks, man-in-the-middle attacks, SQL injection, and brute-force attacks as some of the significant cybersecurity issues experienced by the FinTech industry. The review paper also suggested authentication and access control mechanisms, cryptography, regulatory compliance, intrusion detection and prevention systems, regular data backup, basic security training, big data analytics, use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, FinTech regulatory sandboxes, cloud computing technologies, blockchain technologies, and fraud detection and prevention systems as mitigation measures for cybersecurity issues. However, tackling cybersecurity issues will be paramount if FinTech is to realize its full potential. Ultimately, this research will help develop robust security mechanisms for FinTech systems and networks to achieve sustainable financial inclusion.
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    Innovative Livestock: A Survey of artificial intelligence techniques in livestock farming management
    (Wasit Journal of Computer and Mathematics Science, 2023-12-30) Mijwil, Maad M.; Adelaja, Oluwaseun; Badr, Amr; Ali, Guma; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Pudasaini, Pramila
    Modern technology has recently become a meaningful part of all life sectors, as software, sensors, smart machines, and expert systems are successfully integrated into the physical environment. This technology relies in its work on artificial intelligence techniques to make the right decisions at the right time. These technologies have a significant role in improving productivity, product quality, and industry outputs by significantly reducing human labour and errors that humans may cause. Artificial intelligence techniques are increasingly being integrated into animal husbandry and animal revolution management because they provide advantages and means that serve agriculturalists. These techniques monitor the emotional state of animals, milk production and herd management, feeding habits, the movement of animals, and their health status. AI-powered sensors can monitor the health of livestock and detect early signs of illness or stress to which they are exposed. Also, these techniques contribute to assisting agriculturalists in customising feeding programs, reducing waste, and improving product quality. This article will discuss the role of artificial intelligence techniques in animal control, farm management, disease surveillance, and sustainable resource optimisation practices.
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    Innovative livestock: A survey of artificial intelligence techniques in livestock farming management
    (Wasit Journal of Computer and Mathematics Science, 2023-12-30) Mijwil, Maad M.; Adelaja, Oluwaseun; Badr, Amr; Ali, Guma; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Pudasaini, Pramila
    Modern technology has recently become a meaningful part of all life sectors, as software, sensors, smart machines, and expert systems are successfully integrated into the physical environment. This technology relies in its work on artificial intelligence techniques to make the right decisions at the right time. These technologies have a significant role in improving productivity, product quality, and industry outputs by significantly reducing human labour and errors that humans may cause. Artificial intelligence techniques are increasingly being integrated into animal husbandry and animal revolution management because they provide advantages and means that serve agriculturalists. These techniques monitor the emotional state of animals, milk production and herd management, feeding habits, the movement of animals, and their health status. AI-powered sensors can monitor the health of livestock and detect early signs of illness or stress to which they are exposed. Also, these techniques contribute to assisting agriculturalists in customising feeding programs, reducing waste, and improving product quality. This article will discuss the role of artificial intelligence techniques in animal control, farm management, disease surveillance, and sustainable resource optimisation practices.
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    Operational challenges of providing library services to distance education learners in a higher education system in Uganda
    (Library Philosophy and Practice, 2019-03-15) Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Osamai, Moses Odeke
    This study investigatedoperational challenges of providing library services to long distance learners at higher education institutions in Uganda. The study adopted a survey research design, and the population was drawn from distance learners and librarians at Uganda Martyrs University(UMU). Quantitative and qualitative approaches were employed, online Google Form questionnaires were sentto 50 distance learners and 5 library staff. A total of 33 and 4 filled questionnaires were received back fromstudents and library staff respectivelyandregistering a response rate of 74%. The study revealed that 75.8% of the student respondents were not satisfied with the library services and resources. 81.8% of the respondents were not easily accessing library services and resourcesand mentioned the challenge lack of login credentials for accessing e-resources; Lack of access to a library nearby with relevant textbooks and journals; poor Internet Connectivity; get assistance from library staff; Not trained to access online library resources; andGeographical isolation.The study recommended the following to the management of UMUlibrary;the libraryshould consider establishing distance learning desk at their main library to address distance learners information needs; coordinators for distance learning programs should collaborate and work together with librarians in planning for new students orientation program; libraries in Uganda whether academic, community or public should form collaborations and sign resource sharing agreements that allow their students to freely access any library resource or servicesfrom neighbouring libraries
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    SWOT analysis of blended learning in public universities of Uganda: a case study of Muni University
    (MDPI AG, 2019-07-15) Guma, Ali; Buruga, Bosco Apparatus; Taban, Habibu
    With the fusion of information communication technology (ICT) in higher institutions of learning, new teaching and learning practices have developed—often called blended learning—allowing students and teachers to interact with information and each other more independently. This study, therefore, analyses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of blended learning in the Public Universities of Uganda, in a case study of Muni University. Descriptive survey design was employed in the research. The target sample of the survey was 25 lecturers and 189 students selected using a stratified random sampling technique from the three faculties. A questionnaire was employed in this study and the data collected were analyzed using SPSS Version 25. The findings of the study identified accessibility, positive attitude, and knowledge and skills as the major motivators for blended learning. The strengths of blended learning found included serving many students in a short time, university readiness, connected both in and out of class, basic IT skills and top management commitment. The weaknesses included low bandwidth and unstable internet, lack of a plagiarism tool, insufficient numbers of computers and dependent on internet connectivity. Opportunities cited were competency-based systems that made it easier to manage individual progress in line with university expansion plans, an accessible way of learning regardless of location and available external support. The threats included unreliable power supply, unreliable internet connection, exchanges of username and passwords by students, internet shorthand used in student assignments. Based on these results, the study provides a baseline to help government and public universities that would like to implement or newly incorporate blended learning to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats associated with the blended learning approach. The survey urges that plagiarism plugins for Moodle and BigBlue Button should be added, steady power supply should be provided, internet accessibility should be improved, blended learning training and workshops need to be improved and finally, policies, rules and standards pertaining to blended learning should be enacted.